A fault is a fracture or crack in the rocks where one side has moved relative to the other figure 1. One of the most famous faults, the san andreas fault, is a transform fault, in which two plates slide past each other. Sometimes faults move when energy is released from a sudden slip of the rocks on either side. Does not require construction of threedimensional models. Earthquakes, tsunamis, and other geographic events arent just catastrophic for humansthey also have an impact on the shape of our planet.
Extreme earth plates, earthquakes and volcanoes maite cozar december 2009. Most earthquakes occur along faults, although, some earthquakes are caused by erupting volcanoes. Faults are categorized into three general groups based on the sense of slip or movement. Except where otherwise noted, content on this site is licensed under a creative commons attributionnoncommercialsharealike 4. Types of faults faults can be divided into several different types depending on the direction of relative displacement or slip on the fault.
When an earthquake occurs, data from the seismographs feeds into a major. This courseware module is part of penn states college of earth and mineral sciences oer initiative. If youre seeing this message, it means were having trouble loading external resources on our website. The activity allows students to explore how blocks of. Then explain how movement along the fault caused the changes you see. To evaluate trends in earthquake locations, magnitudes and frequency. Section 1 earthquakes 211 types of faultswhen a section of rock breaks, rocks on either side of the break along which rocks move might move as a result of elastic rebound. Click on popout icon or print icon to worksheet to print or download. Lesson plans and activities indiana geological survey. Locating earthquakes activityworksheet example answers 1 where are earthquakes happening right now. If you print this sample, the worksheet will print on a separate piece of paper. Each activity can be used in classrooms, museums, and. Sep, 2012 this student worksheet was developed by chris hedeen at oregon city high school.
Quakes and faults come in many varieties, but there are a few common ones. The shaking or trembling caused by the sudden release of energy. The focus is the point on the fault surface where motion begins. The point on the earths surface directly about the center of an earthquake is called the epicenter. In this earthquakes worksheet, students define where earthquakes occur and why they mostly occur along crustal plate boundaries in the pacific. The activities can be done at any time in the weeks leading up to the shakeout drill. You will have thirty minutes to complete the questions. If youre behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains. With just one subscription, you will have access to the math, spelling, vocabulary, and critical thinking worksheets. Each student is given a worksheet to record their groups observations set up. I copied the maps onto transparencies and created a lab where students ultimately overlaid the transparencies to compare and contrast the locations of earthquakes, volcanoes, and plate boundaries. Over 14,000 residents of the region were killed as poorly constructed. Find out about some earthquakes of the past, and learn what to do if an earthquake happens.
A fault is a thin zone of crushed rock between two blocks of rock, and can be any length, from centimeters to. Earthquakes practice questions and answers revised november 2008 1. Includes answer keyalso check out our bestselling, standardsbased plate tectonics test. Worksheets in earthquakes, volcanoes and plate tectonics for use within the science classroom. The science behind earthquakes what is an earthquake.
Earthquakes forces in earths crust faults a fault occurs when enough stress builds up in rock to break it types of faults normal fault cuts through rock at an angle one block of rock sits over fault hanging wall other block sits under the fault footwall during movement, hanging wall move downward, footwall moves. Tex%nkb use the copy of the world map provided here and a red or blue colored pencil place on. Most earthquakes occur along plate boundaries, but they can also happen in the middle of plates along intraplate fault zones. Descriptions as old as recorded history show the significant effects they have had on peoples lives. Earthquakes can occur without volcanoes, but volcanoes cannot occur without earthquakes. Plate tectonics and earthquakes the distribution and properties of plates and the motions at different kinds of. Two types of dipslip faults are identified on the basis of the relative motion of rocks across an inclined fault surface fig. A fault is a broken surface within the earths crust.
Folded rocks have been subjected to a plastic strain. This student worksheet was developed by chris hedeen at oregon city high school. The ground shakes as magma moves upwards within the crust. Faults energy flexible hawaii lava measure molten liquid richter seismograph. The fault surface can be vertical, horizontal, or at some angle to the surface of the earth. Earthquakes teacher notes and student activities ga. This reading comprehension worksheet teaches students about earthquakes. Earthquakes practice questions and answers revised. The surface of such a break along which rocks move is called a fault. Earthquakes are the sudden shaking and vibrating of the earths crust as a result of a rapid release of energy when rocks break and move along faults. Emphasizes the connection between faults and earthquakes. The epicenter is the point on earths surface directly above the focus. One of the most famous fault lines is the san andreas fault pictured in california.
This section contains 16 worksheets about earthquakes which can be helpful to both you and your students. Fault movement, especially at plate boundaries, is largely an underground or even underwater process hidden from our view. There is an editable word powerpoint excel version and a pdf version of each file. The 38page book is intended to improve earthquake awareness. D chandrasekharam department of earth sciences head, centre of studies in resources engineering indian institute of technology bombay such news items raises several questions like what are earthquakes. Both of these events always create stress within rocks. Most earthquakes occur along fault lines, the place where two tectonic plates come together. On the other hand, the intervals of active fault earthquakes, which occur at inland active faults, range from a thousand to tens of thousands of. The type that forms depends on how forces were applied to the rocks. If there are several faults in an area they can form an interconnected fault zone. Worksheet s in earthquakes, volcanoes and plate tectonics for use within the science classroom. Seismologists have established a worldwide network of seismographic stations.
Faults energy flexible hawaii lava measure molten liquid richter seismograph seismometer stored up energy tectonic. They are especially concentrated in areas of active earthquakes. In the twopage activity, youll make waves similar to seismic waves by moving a coiled spring toy. Earthquakes the resources above cover the following skills. When the edges of the plates stick together, pressure. Aug 01, 2012 buchanan high school teacher web site. In this faults worksheet, students use an earthquake reference sheet to find the numbers for a modified. Teacher planet offers lesson plans on epicenters, real time data projects and how scientists predict earthquakes.
To access realtime, realworld usgs seismic data from around the planet through the earthquake living lab website. Earthquake focus and epicenter movement along a fault. Earthquakesfema 159 9 defining an earthquake an earthquake is a natural phenomenon like rain. Includes answer keyalso check out our bestselling, standardsbased plate. Long before there were scientific theories for the cause of earthquakes. Another worksheet in this section consists of a cute story that can help your students learn about the importance of earthquake safety. Fault classification faults are distinguished as dipslip or strikeslip faults. Use acrobat guide to plate tectonics and earthquakes reader. Earthquakes teacher notes and student activities ga record. Movement along a fault can be horizontal, vertical, or both. Volcanoes and earthquakes for twocolumn notes, underlined titles are main ideas.
Eliza richardson, associate professor, department of geosciences, college of earth and mineral sciences, the pennsylvania state university. When two sides of a rock move along a crack, we call it a fault. Earthquake worksheets youll find a variety of reading passages here about the earths tectonic plates and the fractures, faults, and stresses that cause the earth to quake. Faults and earthquakes 1 of 5 faults and earthquakes lesson plans and activities. The adventures of terry the turtle and gracie the wonder dog, was originally presented by the federal emergency management agency and nehrp and produced by agreement with washington military department emergency management division.
The location below the earths surface where the earthquake starts is called the hypocenter, and the. They also offer hands on activities to help those tactile learners in your classroom. Locating earthquakes activityworksheet 1 where are earthquakes happening right now. Worksheets are work extreme earth, earthquakes fema 159, module 3 earthquakes tsunamis, work earthquakes i, easy geography activity for kids on earthquakes, earthquake safety activities, workbook scag earthquake preparedness initiative, seismic waves. Descriptions of the three types of faults that cause earthquakes.
Volcanoes and earthquakes miamidade county public schools. Align 3 bricks in the centre of a table to minimize chance bricks falling off table. Free download re s o u r c e s fe at u r e d in t h e plate te c t o nci po w e r poni t. Elastic strain happens when an object is deformed, and then when the stress.
Plastic strain occurs when stress is applied to an object, and it becomes deformed. Read the article, what makes earthquakes below then answer. But the boundary between the north american and pacific. Read the article, what makes earthquakes below then. Most faults make an angle with the ground surface, and this angle is called the dip angle. Its like when youre teacher loses their marbles because. What is the relationship between faults and earthquakes. The activity allows students to explore how blocks of earths crust move across different kinds of faults. Here are a few nice usgs maps that might be useful. Faults are fractures in earths crust where movement has occurred. Some of the worksheets for this concept are work extreme earth, module 3 earthquakes tsunamis, earthquakes, earth science activity 3 all grades fault hand models, lesson plans and activities, earthquakes fema 159, fourth grade earthquakes, geology 112 earthquakes name activity 1 work. The surface where they slip is called the fault or fault plane. Instruct students to fill in the definitions on master 10b, earthquake terms. Use acrobat reader to view this pdf with active inks.
Because the crust is weak in this area, the faults are likely candidates for future movement. Use the information below and your chapter 11 in your textbook p. Earthquakes science worksheets and study guides eighth grade. To access realtime, realworld usgs seismic data from around the planet through the earthquakes living lab website. In addition, researchers intentionally create small earthquakes by setting off underground explosions or by dropping large weights on the ground. Worksheets, printables and additional teaching resources help round out your unit on earthquakes and other natural disasters. Earthquakes occur in patterns known as seismic belts these are welldefined fault zones many earthquakes originate in the circumpacific belt made up of young mountain ranges and chains of volcanic mountains part pp. The reason we have earthquakes is because the earths surface is really pretty. Sample earth theme unit worksheet earth theme unit this is only a sample worksheet.
These faults extend into illinois and northern kentucky and are collectively known as the wabash valley fault system. Displaying top 8 worksheets found for earthquakes and faults. The earths plates here are a few nice usgs maps that might be useful. The explosions and the falling weights generate vibrations in the crust called.
Students will use scientific skills and processes to explain the chemical and physical interactions i. Earthquakes may happen near cracks in the earth called faults. An earthquake is what happens when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one another. With the earthquakes 5e lesson, students will identify the role plate boundaries play in earthquakes, model different types of faults and their related stresses, compare seismic waves, and interpret graphs related to seismic waves. The deadly izmit earthquake struck northwest turkey on august 17, 1999, at 3 a. Earthquakes enrich date class nhtch evidence of movement along faults each picture below shows how an earthquake changed the land surface at a fault. Faults and earthquakes lesson plans and activities. Earthquakes usually happen at faults, zones where plates meet. Developed for the shakeout by the southern california earthquake center. Earthquakes result from sudden movements along faults, creating a release of energy. It is rather long but you may be able to use just a section of the.
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